BA interior design thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

BA inside plan - Thesis Example for traffic signals we have light as the sign, in our vehicles, we have lights for each sign, in the event that there’s some kind of problem with the motor, at that point a specific light beginnings flickering to make us mindful of the issue. Today, our reality is depending on lights, in the event that we see urban communities and rural areas both are subject to lights and their belongings. Lights are utilized to show a plane where the runway is, lights are utilized in beacons to show ships where land is. We see employments of lights any place we see. With the geniuses of lights we are unquestionably confronting a few cons also, the greatest of them is wastage of helpful vitality, so Scientists today are striving to concoct approaches to decrease vitality and simultaneously get legitimate lighting impacts, how we can do that is an alternate science in itself. Presently we see that use of Energy Saver bulbs is spreading wherever on the grounds that they devour less vitality and yet give equivalent measure of light which is required. We additionally need to plans rooms such that light goes to all spots of room simultaneously we likewise need to ensure that territories where we don’t need the light to go are where light doesn’t fall. Where we place the light or wellspring of light is likewise significant in such manner. In the event that the lighting is done appropriately, at that point it will give wonderful impact to anybody going into the room and on the off chance that its not done appropriately, at that point it’ll be upsetting for eyes. This proposition will concentrate on the pattern of lighting structure as how lights ought to be put, what can be a few choices of vitality; The impact or effect on our condition; And light supportability. Simultaneously we additionally need to accomplish the correct harmony between visual solace, vitality sparing, capacity and stylish into the structure. A structure which stores assortment of items for review, study or satisfaction is known as a gallery. The cause of exhibition halls, be that as it may, goes back to right around 2,000 years when the deft goddesses looked out for the government assistance of the epic, music, sentimental

How to answers Case Studies Essay

1. What are the information sources, handling, and yields of UPS’s bundle following framework? Sources of info: The information sources incorporate bundle data, client signature, pickup, conveyance, time-card information, current area (while on the way), and charging and client leeway documentation. Handling: The information are transmitted to a focal PC and put away for recovery. Information are likewise rearranged with the goal that they can be followed by client account, date, driver, and other rules. Yields: The yields incorporate pickup and conveyance times, area while in transit, and bundle beneficiary. The yields additionally incorporate different reports, for example, all bundles for a particular record or a particular driver or course, just as synopsis reports for the board. 2. What advances are utilized by UPS? How are these advancements identified with UPS’s business procedure? Innovations incorporate handheld PCs (DIADs), scanner tag checking frameworks, wired and remote correspondences systems, work stations, UPS‘s focal PC (enormous centralized server PCs), and capacity innovation for the bundle conveyance information. UPS likewise utilizes media transmission advances for transmitting information through pagers and PDA systems. The organization utilizes in-house programming for following bundles, computing expenses, keeping up client accounts and overseeing coordinations, just as programming to get to the World Wide Web. UPS has utilized a similar technique for more than 90 years. Its methodology is to give the ―best administration and least rates.â€â€"One of the most obvious parts of innovation is the customer‘s capacity to follow his/her bundle by means of the UPS Web webpage. Be that as it may, innovation likewise empowers information to flawlessly stream all through UPS and smoothes out the work process at UPS. Consequently, the innovation portrayed in the situation empowers UPS to be progressively serious, proficient, and productive. The outcome is a data framework answer for the business challenge of offering a significant level support with low costs notwithstanding mounting rivalry. 3. What key business targets do UPS’s data frameworks address? A few issues this data framework fathoms relate straightforwardly to coordinations and gracefully chain exercises, for itself, yet in addition for different organizations. These administrations incorporate flexibly chain plan and the board, cargo sending, customs business, mail administrations, multimodal transportation, and monetary administrations, notwithstanding coordinations administrations. As a result of the propelled reconciliation of its innovation, UPS can offer these types of assistance less expensive and more effective than most organizations can make them in-house. 4. What might occur if these frameworks were not accessible? Seemingly, UPS probably won't have the option to contend successfully without innovation. In the event that the innovation were not accessible, at that point UPS would, as it has through the vast majority of its history, endeavor to give that data to its clients, yet at more significant expenses. From the customers‘ viewpoint, these advancements offer some benefit since they assist clients with finishing their undertakings all the more productively. Clients see UPS‘s innovation as worth added benefits rather than expanding the expense of sending bundles.

Use Google Safe Browsing For Quick Website Malware Check

Use Google Safe Browsing For Quick Website Malware Check Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Use Google Safe Browsing For Quick Website Malware CheckUpdated On 16/01/2016Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : GoogleShort URL : http://hbb.me/1O6QgdG CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogGoogle has this handy tool for scanning web sites and letting you know whether its safe to visit them or not. Google Safe Browsing is indeed for Safe Browsing. The online world is more or less similar to the offline world, it might look safe as long as you are within a border, but if you go out of it, then youll be welcomed by malware websites, phishing websites, and much more.Thankfully we have a tool provided by the search engine giant themself. Go to Googles Safe Browsing page and enter the desired URL. Overall, as far as I checked, they have three statuses: Not Dangerous, Partially Dangerous and Dangerous.Google Safe Browsing Status: Not DangerousWe scanned hellboundbloggers.com for chec king any issues and we got a Not Dangerous status. That means we are clean and we are safe to browse.Google Safe Browsing: Not DangerousGoogle Safe Browsing Status: Partially DangerousI used another demo website, which is kinda affected, so this is the status for them:Google Safe Browsing: Partially DangerousGoogle Safe Browsing Status: DangerousAgain I used another demo website, which is almost fully affected, so this is the status for them:Google Safe Browsing: DangerousThe URLs I used on the last two screenshots are some links I got via online forums. I was searching for an English subtitle for a Korean movie and I ended up in a forum, where they gave randomly mentioned some links to download the subtitles. I badly wanted to watch the movie with subtitles, but then, I dont want to risk my computer as well, so this Googles handy Safe Browsing tool came to the rescue. Just a quick scan and tada you know whether to open it or not.READUse This Link To Report Phishing Websites And P agesYou should be very careful when you are opening any short URLs as well. Most of the spam URLs these days are shortened and spread all over the Internet.

Likert Scale What Is It and How to Use It

A Likert scale is a close-ended, forced-choice scale used in a questionnaire that provides a series of answers that go from one extreme to another. For example, a scale might have five choices that start at one end with strongly agree and end at the other with strongly disagree, with less extreme choices in the middle three points. Likert scales are widely used in psychology and other social science research. Key Takeaways: Likert Scales A Likert scale enables respondents to choose from a linear set of responses that increase or decrease in intensity or strength. It is a close-ended, forced-choice scale.Widely used in psychological and other social science research today, Likert scales enable researchers to collect data that provides nuance and insight into participants’ opinions. This data is quantitative and can easily be analyzed statistically.Likert items often offer response categories on a 1-to-5 scale, but a range of options is possible, including 1-to-7 and 0-to-4 scales or even-numbered scales that typically range from 1-to-4 or 1-to-6. Creation of the Likert Scale The Likert Scale was developed by American psychologist Rensis Likert in 1932. Likert wanted to find a way to systematically measure individual attitudes. His solution was the scale that now bears his name. Likert scales offer a continuum or series of typically five to seven fixed-choice options. This enables people to self-report the extent to which they agree or disagree with a given proposition. As a result, Likert scales allow for more nuance than a simple binary response, like a yes or no. This is the reason why Likert scales are often used to collect data in psychological research. Likert Scale Format You know you’re completing a Likert scale if you’re asked to give an opinion in response to a statement by choosing from a series of choices that enable you to rate your degree of agreement. Sometimes instead of a statement, the item will be a question. The most important thing to note, however, is that the options from which you can choose your response offer a range of opinions that don’t overlap.   Likert scales create a linear set of responses that increase or decrease in intensity or strength. These response categories are open to respondent interpretation. So, for example, one respondent may select â€Å"agree† in response to a statement, while another feels the same way but selects â€Å"strongly agree instead. Regardless, respondents and the researchers collecting their data understand that â€Å"strongly agree† is considered a more intensely positive option than â€Å"agree.† While it’s most common to see Likert scales that include 5 to 7 response options, sometimes a researcher will use more. Nonetheless, it’s been observed that when people are presented with a greater number of response options they don’t tend to choose the responses at either end of the scale. Perhaps in a large scale the end-point options look too extreme. A scale with an odd number of response categories has a midpoint that will be considered neutral. If a researcher wants to force a respondent to choose whether they lean one way or another on a question, they can eliminate the neutral option by using a scale with an even number of options. Examples Here are some examples of Likert items from real psychological questionnaires. From the Big 5 Personality Trait Short Questionnaire: I see myself as someone who is full of energy, likes to always be active. 0.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Totally disagree 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Disagree a little 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neutral opinion 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Agree a little 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Totally Agree From the Meaning in Life Questionnaire: I am always looking to find my life’s purpose 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Absolutely untrue 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mostly untrue 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Somewhat untrue 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Can’t say true or false 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Somewhat true 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mostly true 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Absolutely true From the BBC Well-Being Scale: Do you feel you have control of your life? 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not at all 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A little 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moderately 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Very Much 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Extremely Likert scales can be used to ask for a wide range of attitudes besides agreement. In addition to the examples above, Likert items can ask about how frequently an individual does something (endpoints for a frequency item would be â€Å"Very frequently† and â€Å"Never†), how important an individual believes something is to them (endpoints for an importance item would be â€Å"Very Important† and â€Å"Not very important†), and how much one likes something (endpoints for a liking item would be â€Å"A lot† and â€Å"Not at all†). Advantages and Disadvantages of Likert scales By including several categories to choose from in the response to each item, Likert scales enable a researcher to collect data that provides nuance and insight into participants’ opinions. Also, this data is quantitative so its fairly easy to analyze statistically. On the other hand, Likert scales may be impacted by respondents need to appear socially desirable. Especially if a participant holds an opinion that they know would be deemed socially unacceptable, they may choose a response to an item that will make their opinion seem more appropriate to the rest of the world. For example, an individual is unlikely to agree with items that would cause them to seem prejudiced when completing a questionnaire about attitudes towards minorities, A possible remedy for this issue could be to allow respondents to fill out questionnaires anonymously. Sources Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"Using Likert Scales in Psychology.† Verywell Mind, 14 June 2018. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-likert-scale-2795333Jamieson, Susan. Likert Scale. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 16 December 2013. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Likert-ScaleKinderman, Peter, Schwannauer, Matthias, Pontin, Eleanor, and Tai, Sara. The Development and Validation of a General Measure of Well-Being: The BBC Well-Being Scale. Quality of Life Research, vol. 20, no. 7, 2011, pp. 1035-1042. doi: 10.1007/s11136-010-9841-zMcLeod, Saul. â€Å"Likert Scale.† Simply Psychology, 24 October 2008. https://www.simplypsychology.org/likert-scale.htmlMorizot, Julien. Construct Validity of Adolescents Self-Reported Big Five Personality Traits: Importance of Conceptual Breadth and Initial validation of a Short Measure. Assessment, vol. 21, no. 5, 2014, pp. 580-606.  doi: 10.1177/1073191114524015,The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Rensis Likert.† Encyclopaedia Brit annica, 30 August 2018. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rensis-LikertSteger, Michael F., Frazier, Patricia, Oishi, Shigegiro, Kaler, Matthew. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Presence of and Search for Meaning in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, vol. 53, no. 1, 2006, pp. 80-93. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - Research Paper - 1872 Words

Abstract Sudden Infant Death Syndrome remains the leading cause of post-neonatal mortality (under the age of one) in developed countries. The causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome have been puzzling and research is being conducted to solve this catastrophic problem. Having a child under the age of one makes me very concerned, along with any other parent(s), that the possibility of SIDS could affect any infant at anytime, SIDS does not discriminate. I am seeking to find the possible causes to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome so in the future deaths could be avoided. Researchers have studied the many possible causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and four have been selected for this paper. The first study addressed the effects of an†¦show more content†¦Incongruent Cerebral Growth in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Journal of Child Neurology, 20, 244-246. The objective of this correlational study was to find a correlation between the weight of the brain at the time of death and the incidence of SIDS. In addition the researchers examined the relationship between brain growth and head circumference. Sample: The authors/researchers began with one hundred twenty brains that were divided into the following groups: 97 brains from SIDS victims and 23 from victims which died having no occurrence of brain damage. Method: Between 1980 and 2003 each victim, within the same local population, had an autopsy performed. Autopsy data was obtained from reports coming from a single neuropathologist (H.K.). The weight of the brain was recorded after the spinal cord was detached at the point of the foramen magnum and the dura mater was removed. The researchers looked for a correlation between the weight of the brain (independent variable) and the occurrence of SIDS (dependent variable). The weights of the individual brains were compared with the norm brain weight. The researchers then compared the brain weight against the infants head circumference. Findings: The results revealed that the weight of the brain in SIDS victims was heavier than the non SIDS group; therefore 72% of SIDS victims brains are abnormally heavier than their counterpart of only 13% being heavier. It was found thatShow MoreRelatedEssay on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome1856 Words   |  8 Pages Abstract Sudden Infant Death Syndrome remains the leading cause of post-neonatal mortality (under the age of one) in developed countries. The causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome have been puzzling and research is being conducted to solve this catastrophic problem. Having a child under the age of one makes me very concerned, along with any other parent(s), that the possibility of SIDS could affect any infant at anytime, SIDS does not discriminate. I am seeking to find the possible causes toRead MoreEssay Sudden Infant Death Syndrome1594 Words   |  7 PagesSudden Infant Death Syndrome Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a mysterious phenomena that has managed to confound science so far. SIDS is defined as the sudden death of any infant or young child that is unexpected by history and in which a thorough post mortem examination fails to demonstrate an adequate cause (Hunt Brouillette, 1987). It is the leading cause of death in infants in developed countries occurring at a rate of almost 2 per 1000 births. It most often occurs in infants betweenRead MoreEssay Sudden Infant Death Syndrome1401 Words   |  6 PagesSudden Infant Death Syndrome Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the most frequent cause of death between 1 month and 1 year of age (Naeye). SIDS is defined as the sudden death of any infant or young child that is unexpected by it’s history, and in which a thorough postmortem examination fails to determine an adequate cause (Hunt 1987). It is important to consider both aspects of this definition in order not to ‘overdiagnose’ SIDS. A mistake of this nature would occur with failure to reportRead MorePersonal Statement : Health Care Provider1905 Words   |  8 PagesResource Paper Winter Steinbrecher 9/11/15 As a health care provider, it is extremely important to be aware of different resources that can be used to help you provide the highest quality of care to each patient. In this paper, I will touch on several websites that discuss different topics of maternal, infant, and child health. Many of these websites include educational information that can be passed on to women of child bearing age, those who are expecting, and those caring for infants. AfterRead MoreEssay on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)802 Words   |  4 PagesSudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Many questions about the causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), also known as â€Å"crib death,† are still unresolved. The mysterious and elusive nature of SIDS creates problems, doubts, and more questions. This paper will present some of the most commonly asked questions as well as the answers that have been uncovered by scientists after years of research and study. In 1969, researchers agreed to define SIDS as â€Å"the sudden death of an infant or youngRead MoreEssay on The Continuing Mystery of SIDS3225 Words   |  13 PagesThe Continuing Mystery of SIDS Sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS) is the greatest cause of infant deaths ranging from ages one month to one year. Most of these deaths occur before the age of six months. Normally, any unexplainable infant death is considered to be due to SIDS. Numerous attempts have been made to discover the exact cause of this syndrome. However,the only known pathology is that SIDS is due to a dysfunction or abnormality in the cardiac and/or respiratory systems. To this pointRead More Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Essay3915 Words   |  16 PagesSudden Infant Death Syndrome   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sudden infant death syndrome, better known as S.I.D.S., is one of the leading causes for the inflated infant mortality rate in this country today. It is often misunderstood or unrecognizable. For the most part, the causes of SIDS are unknown to the general public. This is changing, however, as public awareness is ever increasing. Thus, the purpose of this paper will be to explain sudden infant death syndrome and its known or suggested causes. Also, theRead MoreFirst Nations And Inuit People Often Eat A Diet That Consists1734 Words   |  7 Pagesparticularly infants. The increased concern over the artic region is due to the amplified effect of climate change on the arctic ecological system. The arctic is warming twice as fast as the global average, which has altered ecological, physical, and chemical pathways within the ecosystem, allowing for an increase in persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury (Hg) (McKinney, 2015). POPs that bioaccumulate in â€Å"country food† animals have been recognized as being harmful to infant development,Read MoreC++ Question3956 Words   |  16 Pagestransition from point to point. Well organised presentation, some minor extraneous details or unclear transitions. Includes organisational framework but can stray from main ideas. Clear statements are made and all ideas in the paper flowed logically. Lacks transition between points. Meets page length requirement Typed, A4, double or 1.5 lined spacing. Expression, Structure and Presentation Meets page length requirement. Typed, A4, double or 1.5 lined spacingRead MoreCo-Sleeping1392 Words   |  6 PagesThesis: Research suggests that co-sleeping benefits infants because it decreases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, increases the amount of time breastfeeding, and helps stabilize the child’s physiology. Annotated Bibliography: Source #1 Goldberg, W. A., amp; Keller, M. A. (2007). Co-sleeping during infancy and early childhood: key findings and future directions. Infant amp; Child Development, 16(4), 457-469. doi:10.1002/icd.522 This article describes the benefits of co-sleeping

Gender Differences and the Brain - 619 Words

All people are different in their own ways, but scientists want to know if there are differences in the two gender’s brains. There are many differences between genders that are obvious, but there are some things that are not as simple or easy to study. The way people learn and think are examples of things that have to be studied very carefully to find an answer. Boys and girls do perform differently if they are enrolled in single-sex educational programs rather than co-ed programs as shown in many scientific studies. Test scores for both genders were a great deal higher in the single-sex schools than they were in the co-ed schools. College entrance exams were given and the same things were found to be true regarding the students’ performance. The single-sex programs allow the teachers to use a curriculum that best suits and is geared towards the gender of students they are instructing. There are three categories of evidence based on grades and test scores which are majo r nationwide studies, â€Å"before and after† studies, and academic studies. Major nationwide studies involve a large quantity of students in countries where single-sex public education is widely available. â€Å"Before and after† studies compare schools before and after the implication of single-sex classrooms. Academic studies require scientists to attempt to control random variables. In all of these categories of evidence, the results supported the conclusion that single-sex education is more beneficial andShow MoreRelatedEssay about Gender Differences1657 Words   |  7 Pagesthat major gender differences exists, however scientific studies have prove that this difference occur mainly due to different rate of biological development, understanding this will help overcome negative impact brought about by perceived gender differences. For instance, understanding the nature of brain development between boys and girls is different, helps in establishing that possibly t here are differences in learning style between the genders. This is vital in developing gender specific teachingRead MoreGender And Gender Development Model959 Words   |  4 PagesMore often than not, people will define gender as the biological sex that a person was ascribed at birth and subsequently took on the role of that gender in society. Sigmund Freud initially tried to explain the development of gender using a model called the ‘Psychosocial Development Model’, which he concluded that after the protestation of the oral and anal stages, we begin a stage he refers to as the ‘genital stage’, and believes that this is when children begin to identify as either male or femaleRead MoreGender Feminism And Transgender Activism : A Scientific Disillusion974 Words   |  4 PagesGender Feminism and Transgender Activism: A Scientific Disillusion Debra W. Soh at Los Angeles Times argues that gender feminists and transgender activists are undermining science. Soh begins by claiming that gender feminists and transgender activists are different philosophical/ideological groups yet they both ignore science purporting to advance or advocate for equality (par. 1). Furthermore, the author distinguishes traditional equity feminists from gender feminists on the ground that the latterRead MoreDifferences Between Male And Female Brain1536 Words   |  7 PagesAre there physical differences in the male and female brain? Are there gender differences in memory? If there are differences, do they begin as early as childhood or adolescence? As we age, and experience life, are men or women more superior in the recollection of memories? Even a novice in the study of gender and memory could presume that male and female’s brains are different, and they would presume correctly as evidenced by the results of many studies performed and the articles written to recordRead MoreGender Differences Between Men And Women1058 Words   |  5 PagesGender differences between men and women Abstract Gender difference can be expressed in many ways. In our daily life, there are many phenomenon can be explained by gender difference. For example, man always like to pay attention to political news, but women focus on gossip news; Women like shopping very much but men never want to go shopping; for the same thing men and women will make different evaluations. These entire phenomenons are because of gender difference. How the gender difference showRead MoreThe Role Of Roles Of The Formation And Development Of Gender Roles959 Words   |  4 Pages Although environment does play an important role in the formation and development of gender roles, it is not the only influence of gender roles. Biology also plays an important part in the determination of gender roles. In 1978, Braggio et al gathered data on the topic of cross specie observational study on the comparisons of the behavior of children, juvenile chimpanzees, and juvenile orangutans (Jarvis 269). The results showed a consistency of males performing a higher RT (physically vigorousRead MoreNature vs Nurture: Genes vs Environment Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pagesusually very identified with the particular gender that we happen to be a member of.† This quote by Andrew Cohen explains partially how gender identity develops, through the conditioning of our environments. The most influential factor of gender development, however, is still a very controversial issue. An analysis of the gender identification process reveals two main arguments in what factor most greatly co ntributes to gender development: biology differences (nature) or the environment (nurture). TheRead MoreThe Differences Between Men And Women1590 Words   |  7 PagesGender differences in memory Introduction There are many differences when it comes to comparing men and women. There are not only physical appearance differences but there are also internal working mechanisms of their bodies that are different. Men and women differ genetically, physiologically, and psychologically (Loftus, Banji, Schooler, 1987). Not only does battle of the sexes occur in real world situations, scientists argue back and forth as to which should be superior in terms of cognitiveRead MoreWhen separating men and women according to gender, most people would do it based on physical1300 Words   |  6 Pages When separating men and women according to gender, most people would do it based on physical appearance. Would you have ever thought that you can tell whether someone is man or woman according to psyche? Psychological gender differences have had a long history dating back for more than a century. The use psychological research on women began in 1879 which also marks the beginning of formal psychology. Any research done during these years was mostly used to the notion that the white male was supremeRead MoreDo Innate Gender Differences Influence How Children Learn?1071 Words   |  5 Pageshow equal one group gets to each other, there will always be differences between them. However, do innate gender differences influence how children learn? According to Kelley King, Michael Gurian and Kathy Stevens, the answer is yes. In contrast, according to Lise Eliot, the answer is no. There are multiple reasons why Kelley King, Michael Gurian and Kathy Stevens are on the pro side. For one reason, they believe that the differences exist due to boys being more interactive with certain topics and

Effectiveness of Transport Management Aspects

Question: Discuss about the Effectiveness of Transport Management Aspects. Answer: Introduction Transport management is constrained between different aspects that need to be managed properly to ensure that there are effective operations. In a company, the transport manager is responsible for different tasks that cover transport and logistics sector. One of the main responsibilities is to negotiate with customers on the terms and conditions of delivering the products. In these case, the Incoterms to be selected is agreed upon at the benefit of the business-customer relationship. Therefore, this paper will discuss the effectiveness and efficiency of the transport management aspects in Sony Company. The Incoterms selection, carrier selection, and carrier relationship management will be considered in this paper. Sony is a company that focuses on the production of various electronics for personal, home, and commercial use. Sony is among the leading producers of electronics in the world, thus dominating the professional and consumer markets. Sony Group focuses on different investments such as professional gaming, electronics, entertainment and financial services. It has been ranked the fourth world television manufacturer after Samsung, LG and TCL indicating that it delivers most of its products to different parts of the globe. Due to its diversity, it has developed different outlets and branches in various countries across the world to cover the markets effectively. Through its business strategies, it has reached more customers effectively to the end users by delivering quality products. Despite being a large producer of TVs and video games, it also is known for its audio devices productions such as home theaters and car systems (Sony, 2016). Also, it has ventured into mobile production sector, and Sony Xperia has been the most famous gadget that has been produced. Therefore, Sony Xperia smartphones have been competing with other gadgets from other companies such as Samsung, Apple, and LG in the marketplace (Cavusgil, K night, Riesenberger, 2012). The main objective of Sony Corporation is to produce and deliver quality products to the numerous customers around the world. Incoterms Selection Consideration The efficiency of transportation through the 3PLs is directly connected to the type of Incoterms selected by the company. Therefore, a manufacturing company or any other firm involving 3PLs should be considerate in determining the best Incoterms for the business. Some inconveniences might be caused by investing some incoterms like in cases when the importer has to undertake full responsibility for the carrier payment (Blanchard, 2010). Some people might delay payments thus affecting the trust between the company and the Third-party logistics company. The type of transactions between the importer and exporter determines the best incoterm(s) to be selected. In situations where it is a relationship between companies, an importer can be entrusted with full responsibility by paying on delivery. Learning the differences between the Incoterms will be important for both parties. The following is a figure showing the Incoterms. Figure: Incoterms diagram (Lundesjo, 2015) Sony manages its relations with the 3PLs by employing type C and D forms of Incoterms to ensure that there are inconveniences with the payments. It does not mean that incurs much cost in payments of the carrier cost, rather the prices of the products are standardized to cater for those expenses (Sony, 2016). In some situations, the company requests the customers to pay the products price together with the importation fees so that they can pay the carrier before they are delivered. Most importers of Sony products are an end-user individual who is importing for either personal or commercial use. Therefore, Sony includes the exportation fee in the price to ensure that the products are delivered effectively. Therefore, the carrier is objected to delivering the products and claiming the payments from the company and not the customers. Sony should be considerate of the type of Incoterms being selected to ensure that the customer trust and relationship is managed and at the same time the 3PLs feel comfortable. For instance, if Sony subsidizes the importation fee for the customers may raise the trust, thus boosting the relationships. Therefore, type E and F will be the best Incoterms to fit in Sony logistics. On the other side, the logistics company need efficient payment channel that does not require extended relationships. Due to this reason, Sony should stick to its chosen Incoterms to maintain the relationships with the customers and the 3PLs involved. The payment process should be done after delivery to ensure the safety of the products. Also, this will make the logistics company much keen about the transportation process. Therefore, after the confirmation of the cargos safety and wellness, the payment is then credited to the company (Chopra Meindl, 2007). Carrier Selection Criteria Sony Corporation has chosen two amongst the best Third-party logistics firms to undertake their external outsourcing. The 3PLs selected had to be eligible for the transportation of high-tech products, with great care to avoid demolitions that might lead to great losses. ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics are the companies working with Sony to ferry their production to different parts of the world (SupplyChainBrain, 2013). There are several factors that companies consider before selecting a 3PL company for their logistics. Therefore, the factors that led Sony to select ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics are discussed in the subtopics below: - Accessibility Sony is a global company, whose products are targeting markets in different parts of the world. Therefore, the transportation of the products has to be linked to a 3PL that has offices accessible to the main branches of the company and others in different continents. For instance, the manufacturing company for Sony in North America should access the logistics firm effectively. ModusLink Global Solutions is a logistics Company that is oriented to international business, and it has branches in various continents such as North America, Asia-Pacific, and Europe (ModusLink, 2016). Also, Penske Logistics has extended its business by opening offices in China and India, which are areas contributing to a significant percentage in Sonys markets (Penske, 2016). Capacity Penske Logistics is a company that has been focusing on providing services to General Motors, tier-one, and Daimler firms (Penske, 2016). This indicates that it has enough capacity to transport large cargo across the globe. Also, it has extended its logistics services to other companies such as Samsung and Emerson among others. Because of the large capacity of ModusLink Solutions observed for owning eight warehouses in the United States and five in Europe, two in Mexico and fifteen in Asia Pacific, Sony selected the Logistics firm to undertakes its outsourcing services (ModusLink, 2016). These 3PLs have enough capacity to serve Sonys logistical requirements. Transit Sony products have to be transported from the manufacturing companies of stores to their specific outlets. Since it is an international company, 3PLs involved must be having the capability to transport goods internationally. Based on the fact that ModusLink Global Solutions and Penske Logistics have warehouses in different continents, they are capable of transporting Sony products effectively to different places around the world. Reliability The companies selected have been reliable to their other customers by ensuring that the deliveries are made in time. Also, Sony checked the reliability of deliveries by evaluating the rate damages for their services based on the previous works. Therefore, it was discovered that Penske and ModusLink are reliable companies in the logistics sector. Due to their reliability, they were offered the job of working closely with Sony by undertaking the outsourcing activities. Safety The products manufactured by Sony are delicate and have to be transported by an individual who has the capability of carrying fragile materials. Also, the products are of high-value that needs to be kept in safety throughout the transportation process. ModusLink and Penske have been identified as a logistical company that has been transporting high-value cargo, thus being entrusted by producers of expensive products. Therefore, these companies are capable of transporting high-tech and high-value cargo without any doubt of delivery. Carrier Relationship Management Carrier relationship needs to be long lasting to enhance the businesses between the two companies. A more firm business relationship between the carrier and Sony Company will raise the trust between the two parties and renewal of the contracts can be extended or revalidated if the business is satisfied with the services. Companies that do not have firm or predictable relationships will not be willing to engage in the deep business transaction because there is not security and assurance. The logistics cost to be expected from a new company should be benchmarked with previous companies to avoid losses. Also, the services provided should be of higher quality to ensure that the company is achieving its developmental strategies (Rushton Walker, 2007). Relationship Chosen by Sony: Partnership Type II The type of outsourcing relationship that was considered by Sony is the partnership type II for their logistical business transactions. There are several advantages why type II relationship was chosen by Sony to maintain the 3PLs. for instance, Type I is characterized by short-term contractual relationships, which will be between the third-party logistics firms and Sony thus making the business relationships ineffective. (Wood, Barone, Murphy, Wardlow, 2012). Reliable business relationships need to be long-term to raise the level of trust between the parties. Therefore, an agreement made will be profitable to both businesses because they will run for a longer term that benefits Sony and the Logistics firms such as Penske (Monczka, 2010). Sony Corporation will be more advantaged in signing a contract with 3PLs by embracing type II partnership that is characterized by long-term contractual business relationships. In such cases, the company is secure to conduct extended business activities, thus having the assurance of their completion within the perceived period. The company can also invest in such relationships and expect to acquire a payback a time before the contract expires. Several transport services are offered in long-term contracts such as vendor certification programs, dedicated freight lanes, guaranteed annual volumes and incentives for cost reduction. Just because the parties will be involved in a business relationship for a longer time, the carrier can offer cost cuts for the services offered within their period of offering services (Monczka, 2010). Recommendations The Sony Corporation is supposed to undertake analysis towards the best-fitted form of 3PL relationships to be employed. It is not a must to create similar relationships on all the 3PLs involved in the outsourcing activities. Rather, cost analysis can be undertaken to evaluate which of the relationships will be cheap and effective and the desired length of the transactions. Therefore, all the decisions made pertaining the 3PL relationships should be for the benefit of Sony Corporation. Conclusion In conclusion, the effectiveness of transport management strategy is determined by the decisions made by the logistics manager in the company. The methods of delivering the products to the customers can be profitable depending their efficiency and reliability. Sony Company needs to hire a carrier that is competitive and reliable. The reliability of transport and logistics services will highly depend on the type of relationship perceived between the parties. The most effective partnership is having a long-term contractual relationship, which builds up trust on conducting business activities. 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